[Photo:  U.S. District Court Judge Janet Hall, for the District of Connecticut]

Former Jefferies Group bond trader Jesse Litvak is going back on trial in federal court in Connecticut over whether he lied to customers about mortgage bond prices to boost profit - some 13 months after a federal appeals court voided his original conviction and 2-year prison sentence.

But it gives U.S. prosecutors a fresh chance to crack down on alleged deceptive Wall Street sales tactics in the bond market, and could bolster cases against several other traders.

"The retrial will clear the air over whether bond traders can increase margins by falsely representing prices, which can distort trading and capital formation," said James Cox, a Duke University law professor. "Whether someone relied on the information is irrelevant to prosecutions; it's all about whether the underlying conduct is condemnable."

LITVAK’S ORIGINAL TRIALS AND CONVICTION.    Litvak, who worked for Jefferies in Stamford, Connecticut, was charged in January 2013 with misleading customers about bond prices from 2009 to 2011. This allegedly boosted Jefferies’ profit by about $2.25 million - and his own pay. Litvak has said his customers were sophisticated investors who were "inherently skeptical" of what counterparties tell them, and would have known if he were cheating them.

Convicted in March 2014, Litvak won a reprieve from the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in December 2015. That court threw out fraud accusations related to the federal TARP bailout program, and said Chief Judge Janet Hall, who oversaw the trial, wrongly excluded expert testimony for the defense. But it ordered a retrial on 10 securities fraud counts, saying that, despite the errors, Litvak's misrepresentations might have mattered to customers anyway. Hall will oversee the expected 3-week retrial in the New Haven federal court.

Prosecutors have accused at least 6 other traders of similar wrongdoing:

• former Nomura traders Ross Shapiro, Michael Gramins and Tyler Peters;
• former Cantor Fitzgerald trader David Demos;
• former RBS traders Matthew Katke and Adam Siegel pleaded guilty to similar charges. Prosecutors may call them to testify at Litvak's retrial.